TREM ELISA Kit

AVISCERA BIOSCIENCE

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Soluble Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1) ELISA Kits
Soluble Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) ELISA Kit
Soluble TREM-1 is a New Biomarker for Infection, Sepsis and Pneumonia
Alternative name: Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 1 CD_antigen=CD354
TREM1 stimulates neutrophil and monocyte-mediated inflammatory responses. TREM1 triggers release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, as well as increased surface expression of cell activation markers. Amplifier of inflammatory responses that are triggered by bacterial and fungal infections and is a crucial mediator of septic shock. TREM1 was highly expressed in adult liver, lung and spleen than in corresponding fetal tissue. TREM1 also was expressed in the lymph node, placenta, spinal cord and heart tissues. TREM1 was strongly expressed in acute inflammatory lesions caused by bacteria and fungi. the secreted or soluble TREM1 (isoform 2) was detected in the lung, liver and mature monocytes.

Measurement of plasma sTREM-1 in patients with severe sepsis receiving early goal-directed therapy and evaluation of its usefulness
The plasma level of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1) has been shown to be helpful in identifying critically ill patients with infection. However, it remains unknown whether it can be used to predict prognosis in patients with severe sepsis. This study investigated whether various inflammatory mediators, including sTREM-1, could be used as reliable markers to predict the prognosis of patients receiving early goal-directed therapy (EGDT). We prospectively enrolled patients 18 years or older with severe sepsis from April 2009 to May 2010 at a 2,000-bed university hospital. Patients were eligible if the initial resuscitation according to EGDT protocol was immediately performed at the emergency department. Plasma sTREM-1, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin concentrations were measured on days 0, 3, 7, and 14. Soluble TREM-1 concentrations were significantly higher at admission and pre-EGDT in nonsurvivors (n = 16) than in survivors (n = 47) (514.1 pg/mL [interquartile range, 412.7-1,749.5 pg/mL] vs. 182.4 pg/mL [interquartile range, 54.3-327.0 pg/mL]; P = 0.001). Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels did not significantly differ, whereas central venous oxygen saturation and lactate levels at admission were significantly different between the two groups. The only sTREM-1 level remained significantly higher in nonsurvivors until death. On multivariate regression analysis, log(sTREM-1) (P = 0.028), central venous oxygen saturation (P = 0.022), and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (P = 0.048) values at admission were independently significant. These results suggest that plasma sTREM-1 level at admission could be used as a marker to identify patients with a poor prognosis despite complete initial resuscitation in severe sepsis.
Jeong SJ, et al., Shock. 2012 Jun;37(6):574-8.
Human soluble TREM-1: lung and serum levels in patients with bacterial ventilator associated pneumonia
Human soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) is a glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. In normal lung tissue, sTREM-1 is selectively expressed in lung alveolar macrophages specialized for pathogen clearance and is up-regulated in the presence of bacteria and fungi. The aim of this study was to assess sTREM-1 levels in serum and lungs of patients with ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and to evaluate its potential diagnostic role. The study cohort included 31 patients meeting the criteria for VAP, including clinical, microbiological, radiological and laboratory findings in patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours and with Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) > 6. Serum and lung levels of sTREM-1 were obtained and tested for differences. The samples were analyzed using ELISA technique and the values were expressed in pg/mL. The samples for lung sTREM-1 were obtained from direct bronchial lavage fluid and serum samples from peripheral blood. Differences were tested by Mann Whitney U test with P < 0.05 considered significant. In patients with bacterial VAP, a statistically significant difference was found between serum and lung sTREM-1 levels (P < 0.05), with very high levels of sTREM-1 recorded in lung samples (mean value 1565 pg/mL). There was no statistically significant difference in pulmonary sTREM-1 level between the polymicrobial and monomicrobial VAP groups. In conclusion, sTREM-1 is present in a high concentration in the lungs of patients with bacterial VAP. sTREM-1 levels can help in making the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia as a standalone marker.
Siranović M, , et al. Acta Clin Croat. 2011 Sep;50(3):345-9.
Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells in severe acute pancreatitis: a biological marker of infected necrosis
PURPOSE: The diagnosis and treatment of secondary infection of pancreatic necrotic tissue remain a major challenge. The level of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) in fine needle aspiration (FNA) fluid may be a good marker of infected necrosis. METHODS: Patients with a clinical suspicion of secondary infection of necrotic tissue were enrolled. The serum levels of C-reactive protein, amylase, procalcitonin (PCT), and sTREM-1 and the fluid levels of sTREM-1, PCT, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and amylase were examined. When infected necrosis was defined, the first step was percutaneous or endoscopic drainage. If there was no improvement after 72 h, an open necrosectomy was performed. RESULTS: In 30 patients with suspected infection, 18 patients were diagnosed as having secondary infection of necrotic tissue. The levels of sTREM-1 and PCT in FNA fluid were found to have the closest correlation with the diagnosis of infected necrosis [sTREM-1: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) 0.972; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.837-1.000; PCT: AUC 0.903; 95%CI 0.670-0.990, P > 0.05]. A fluid sTREM-1 cutoff value of 285.6 pg/ml had a sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of 91.7%. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, an sTREM-1 level of more than 285 pg/ml and a PCT level of more than 2.0 ng/ml in FNA fluid were independent predictors of infected necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The fluid level of sTREM-1 will help in the rapid and accurate diagnosis of secondary infection of necrotic tissue in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).
Lu Z, , et al. Intensive Care Med. 2012 Jan;38(1):69-75. Epub 2011 Oct 27.

	Human Soluble TREM1 ELISA Kit Code No.: SK00218-06 Size: 96T Price: $420.00 USD Standard Range:46-3000 pg/mL Sensitivity:10 pg/mL Sample Type: serum, EDTA Plasma Sample volume: 100 uL Dilution factor: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application IntraCV: 4-6% InterCV: 8-12% Protocol: PDF
	Human Soluble TREM1 ELISA Kit Code No.: SK00218-09 Size: 96T Price: $420.00 USD Standard Range:94-3000 pg/mL Sensitivity:20 pg/mL Sample Type: serum, EDTA Plasma Sample volume: 100 uL Dilution factor: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application IntraCV: 4-6% InterCV: 8-12% Protocol: PDF
	Mouse Soluble TREM1 ELISA Kit Code No.: SK00218-03 Size: 96T Price: $420.00 USD Standard Range:31-2000 pg/mL Sensitivity:10 pg/mL Sample Type: serum, EDTA Plasma Sample volume: 100 uL Dilution factor: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application IntraCV: 4-6% InterCV: 8-12% Protocol: PDF
	Human Soluble TREM2 ELISA Kit Code No.: SK00218-12 Size: 96T Price: $420.00 USD Standard Range:62.5-4000 pg/mL Sensitivity:20 pg/mL Sample Type: serum, EDTA Plasma Sample volume: 100 uL Dilution factor: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application IntraCV: 4-6% InterCV: 8-12% Protocol: PDF

Name	Code No.	Size	Price ($)
Human Soluble TREM1 ELISA Kit (serum, plasma)	SK00218-06	96 T	420.00
Human Soluble TREM2 ELISA Kit (serum, plasma)	SK00218-09	96 T	420.00
Human Soluble TREM1 ELISA Kit	SK00218-01	96 T	420.00
Mouse Soluble TREM1 ELISA Kit	SK00218-03	96 T	420.00
Human Soluble TREM2 ELISA Kit	SK00218-12	96 T	420.00

Measurement of plasma sTREM-1 in patients with severe sepsis receiving early goal-directed therapy and evaluation of its usefulness

Human soluble TREM-1: lung and serum levels in patients with bacterial ventilator associated pneumonia

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells in severe acute pancreatitis: a biological marker of infected necrosis